Web Excursions 2021-10-18
新闻实验室：鱿鱼游戏
有意思的是，朝鲜的宣传机器也发文章赞扬了《鱿鱼游戏》。
文章说，这部剧反映了资本主义社会的现实——在这样高度不平等的社会里，人被当成棋子一样。
此前，朝鲜的媒体也赞扬过获得奥斯卡的韩国电影《寄生虫》，虽然朝鲜人看不到Netflix，也看不到奥斯卡。
生产这部剧的正是资本主义的公司，而且可以说是全球扩张的资本主义巨头。而这部剧通过批判资本主义，让全世界那么多人觉得感同身受，最后直接受益的还是这家资本主义公司和它的投资人。也就是说，资本主义似乎并不惧怕对自身的批判，甚至能通过批判自己，进一步发展自身的利益。
有一个概念可以用来描述这种现象，那就是hegemony，翻译成“霸权”，或者是“领导权”、“支配权”。
这里的霸权，并不是那种依靠武力、暴力来维持的，而是在文化和精神上，让人“心甘情愿”接受的。
当然，要让人主动同意和接受，就需要非常重要的条件，那就是：
让人觉得现存秩序是正常的、自然的、不可避免的、永不改变的，并且最终对所有人都是更好的。
在电视机前看完《鱿鱼游戏》的观众并不会揭竿而起，去推翻资本主义制度，
因为他们缺乏一种霸权之外的想象力，
他们有的庆幸自己不是负债累累的人，有的即便感到痛苦，但也很难想象另一种更好的社会，最终只能把重担压回自己身上，让自己承担一切。
一个很好笑的例子是：在职场社交平台LinkedIn上面，已经有人根据《鱿鱼游戏》写出了职场鸡汤。
Apple’s Privacy Changes Create Windfall for Its Own Advertising Business by ft.com
Apple’s advertising business has more than tripled its market share
in the six months after it introduced privacy changes to iPhones
that obstructed rivals, including Facebook, from targeting ads at consumers.
Apple’s in-house business is now responsible for 58 per cent of all iPhone app downloads that result from clicking on an advert. A year ago, its share was 17 per cent.
[It is] estimate[d] that marketing spending on mobile apps for both iPhones and Android phones was $58bn in 2019 and would double to $118bn by next year.
Apple, meanwhile, is likely to earn $5bn from its advertising business this fiscal year, and $20bn-a-year within three years
Some mobile advertisers, dismayed by the lack of visibility on iPhones, are now spending more of their budget on the Android market
the precision with which it was possible to focus ads on users through Apple’s advertising service jarred with the company’s rhetoric around privacy.
the “retargeting” tool, a service offered by Apple to let companies follow users to re-engage with them at a future date
How A/B testing can (and can’t) improve your headline writing » Nieman Journalism Lab
Many large newsrooms take advantage of this practice to optimize their traffic.
The New York Times tests headlines extensively on its homepage,
as does The Boston Globe, which also experiments with visuals and layout.
Analytics tools offering A/B testing, such as Chartbeat, now make it widely available to a range of newsrooms.
Beyond testing individual headlines, newsrooms try to use A/B testing data to draw out general guidelines around effective headline writing. In prior work, we talked to editors with all kinds of data-driven headline recommendations: including salient quotes and numbers, starting explanatory headlines with “how” or “why,” referencing important people and organizations by name, and others.
A/B test your headlines to find the right one to optimize traffic in the given context and moment,
but be cautious about trying to divine general writing lessons from those tests.
Even if a writing style does well in tests, it might not generalize across the whole newsroom.
A test can hinge on factors entirely outside an editor’s control,
leading to faulty interpretations and bad recommendations.
Headline testing is a powerful tool,
but it’s most effective when paired with a deep understanding of your audience.